Cobalt is essential for ruminants as it is incorporated into vitamin B12 by rumen microbes and, therefore, affects the formation of blood. The importance of Co and B12 becomes apparent when the observation is made that the main source of energy to ruminants is not glucose as in monogastrics, but from the metabolism of VFAs like, acetic and propionic acids. Vitamin B12 is required for the enzymatic activity which facilitates the production of glucose from propionic acid and helps in attaining early puberty. Moreover dietary sources of vitamin B12 are not used efficiently by ruminants because of inactivation by rumen microbes, but presence of sufficient cobalt may lead to synthesis of adequate amounts of vitamin B12.

Symptoms of cobalt and vitamin B12 deficiencies include loss of appetite, rough hair coat, stumbling gait, depressed growth in calves, and causes weakness and poor general condition in mature animals, reduced conception rates and milk production, and anaemia. More severe sings include fatty degeneration of the liver, anaemia with pale mucous membranes, and reduced resistance to infection as a result of impaired neutrophil function. Cattle deficient in Co respond quickly to treatment by rapidly regaining appetite as well as improved weight gain.

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All Telsol's glass boluses contain cobalt, copper and selenium with either iodine or zinc.
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